MESSAOUD Garah

HALLAB Bilal , BELDI Khalil, /

Étude des méthodes de protection des services dans les réseaux mobiles : application au réseau Mobilis dans la région de M'Sila

Yacine TAYAB , Aymen Cherf-eddine ZIANE

A Novel Design of Rat-Race divider for 5G Applications

BEN ALLIA FARES ELAMINE , REGUIEG YOUNES, /

Réalisation d’une carte de commande universel pour une lave-linge

BEN ALLIA FARES ELAMINE , REGUIEG YOUNES

Réalisation d’une carte de commande universel pour une lave-linge

Boussakra Yasmine , Ben Aiche Abde Raouf

Conception et réalisation d'une station météorologique à base de l'arduino uno

Manel Safer , El-Hassen Tahi

Réalisation d’un Suiveur Solaire Bi-axial à Base de capteurs de lumière

CHIKH Bader Eddine , BARKA Abdelwahab

Système de verrouillage de la porte avec un système d’alarme basé sur la technologie RFID et le clavier en utilisant Arduino

Touatit Badreddine , Benzaoui Ismail

Etude comparative pour l’optimisation d’un modèle de propagation approprié pour la communication mobile

Takha AIMEN , Charif OKBA

Traqueur de localisation en utilisant GSM SIM800 et Arduino

meguirche nor eddine , ghadban abd errazzak, /

realisation d'une carte d'aquisition et supervision en utilisant un module GSM

It is expensive to transmit or store significant amounts of electrocardiogram (ECG) records, particularly when using telecommunications channels that charge according to the volume of transferred data. The advancement of telemedicine renders compressing ECG signals even more necessary. Compression aims to reduce the size of data while maintaining the features of ECG signals. This paper presents a novel strategy for compressing ECG signals based on 3D format conversion. After identifying the RR intervals, we divide the signal into cardiac cycles and proceed with the cut and align process. A 3D discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is employed to minimize the correlation existing between two adjacent voxels. Moreover, an optimized run-length encoding (RLE), a novel lossless compression technique, has been proposed to increase the compression ratio (CR). The proposed strategy is applied to different types of ECG records of the Arryyhmia database. This algorithm demonstrates improved performance in terms of CR and percentage root-mean-square difference (PRD) compared to several recently published works

Citation

Messaoud GARAH , , (2026-01-01), Lossy ECG signal compression based on RR intervals detection with wavelet transform and optimized run-length encoding, Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vol:41, Issue:1, pages:109~118, iaes

This paper presents a novel design of a Wilkinson power divider for dual-band operation. In the proposed design, the conventional two quarter-wavelength transmission lines are replaced with two stubs connected by a single coupled line. Additionally, an isolation resistor is connected between the two output ports. Using even-odd mode analysis and the ABCD matrix method, the design equations for the proposed circuit are derived. The divider is fabricated on an FR-4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.3 and a thickness of 0.8 mm. Simulation results show that the divider achieves good performance at both design frequencies, 0.85 GHz and 2.3 GHz, with low return loss at all ports (Sn1, S22, and S33), good transmission coefficients (S21 and S3), and high isolation (S23) between the two output ports

Citation

ELhadi KENANE , Messaoud GARAH , Amal SILA , Bureau de la stratégie de numérisation , ,(2025-11-02), A Novel Design of a Wilkinson Power Divider for Dual-Band Operation,2025 ieee international multi conference on smart systems & green process 2025,Hammamat-Tunisia

This paper presents a novel design of a Wilkinson power divider for dual-band operation. In the proposed design, the conventional two quarter-wavelength transmission lines are replaced with two stubs connected by a single coupled line. Additionally, an isolation resistor is connected between the two output ports. Using even–odd mode analysis and the ABCD matrix method, the design equations for the proposed circuit are derived. The divider is fabricated on an FR-4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.3 and a thickness of 0.8 mm. Simulation results show that the divider achieves good performance at both design frequencies, 0.85 GHz and 2.3 GHz, with low return loss at all ports (S11, S22, and S33), good transmission coefficients (S21 and S31), and high isolation (S23) between the two output ports.

Citation

Messaoud GARAH , Amal SILA , elhadi.kinane@univ-msila.dz, ,(2025-10-30), A Novel Design of a Wilkinson Power Divider for Dual-Band Operation,2025 IEEE International Multi-Conference on Smart Systems & Green Process,HAMMAMET, Tunisia

In a 4G/LTE network, path loss models are crucial for efficient planning, interference estimation, frequency allocation, and optimization of cell parameters, all essential for the network's overall performance and planning. The Hata, COST231, Egli, and SUI models are among the most widely used in urban and suburban environments. However, these models rely on fixed parameters, which can cause inaccuracies when applied to measured data. This paper uses data collected from the north-central region of Algeria to calculate the path loss for 4G LTE (1800 MHz). The measured path loss is compared with the empirical models mentioned above. The best model for estimating the measured path loss is then optimized using three well-known evolutionary algorithms: Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), and Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES). Furthermore, a hybrid optimization model, PSO-GWO, is proposed to improve prediction accuracy. The performance of each optimization method is evaluated using various error metrics, including Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Standard Deviation (STD), Mean Error (ME), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Results demonstrate that the hybrid techniques outperform the original Hata and COST231-Hata models, with the PSO-GWO hybrid yielding the lowest RMSE, achieving a significant reduction compared to the traditional models.

Citation

Messaoud GARAH , , (2025-07-24), Enhancing 4G/LTE Network Path Loss Prediction with PSO-GWO Hybrid Approach., ITEGAM-JETIA, Vol:11, Issue:54, pages:34-42., ITEGAM

In this paper, a high isolation GYSEL power divider (GPD) with fixed characteristic impedance is proposed. It was designed using electromagnetic simulators and then implemented for the low band of 5G applications, covering 2.3GHz. The proposed GPD consists of three transmission line sections with fixed characteristic impedances and two isolation resistors to dissipate power. The proposed design was printed on a Rogers's RO4003C substrate with a dielectric constant of 3.55 and a thickness of 0.813mm. To validate the performance of the GPD, simulation results are presented in terms of return losses (Si1, S22), transmission coefficient (S31), and isolation loss (S3). The simulation results show that good matching, good transmission coefficient and high isolation between the two output ports at the operating frequency band

Citation

ELhadi KENANE , Amal SILA , Messaoud GARAH , Rania GUERNINE , Rima SEGHIOUR , ,(2025-05-07), High Isolation GYSEL Power Divider with fixed characteristic Impedance,1st National Conference on Renewable Energies and Advanced Electrical Engineering (NC-REAEE'25),University of Msila

In this paper, a high isolation GYSEL power divider (GPD) with fixed characteristic impedance is proposed. It was designed using electromagnetic simulators and then implemented for the low band of 5G applications, covering 2.3GHz. The proposed GPD consists of three transmission line sections with fixed characteristic impedances and two isolation resistors to dissipate power. The proposed design was printed on a Rogers's RO4003C substrate with a dielectric constant of 3.55 and a thickness of 0.813mm. To validate the performance of the GPD, simulation results are presented in terms of return losses (Si1, S22), transmission coefficient (S31), and isolation loss (S3). The simulation results show that good matching, good transmission coefficient and high isolation between the two output ports at the operating frequency band

Citation

Amal SILA , Messaoud GARAH , ELhadi KENANE , Rania GUERNINE , Rima SEGHIOUR , ,(2025-05-07), High Isolation GYSEL Power Divider with fixed characteristic Impedance,1st National Conference on Renewable Energies and Advanced Electrical Engineering (NC-REAEE'25),University of Msila

In this paper, a high isolation GYSEL power divider (GPD) with fixed characteristic impedance is proposed. It was designed using electromagnetic simulators and then implemented for the low band of 5G applications, covering 2.3GHz. The proposed GPD consists of three transmission line sections with fixed characteristic impedances and two isolation resistors to dissipate power. The proposed design was printed on a Rogers’s RO4003C substrate with a dielectric constant of 3.55 and a thickness of 0.813mm. To validate the performance of the GPD, simulation results are presented in terms of return losses (S11, S22), transmission coefficient (S21), and isolation loss (S23). The simulation results show that good matching, good transmission coefficient and high isolation between the two output ports at the operating frequency band.

Citation

Messaoud GARAH , Amal SILA , elhadi.kinane@univ-msila.dz, ,(2025-05-06), High Isolation GYSEL Power Divider with fixed characteristic Impedance,The First National Conference on Renewable Energies and Advanced Electrical Engineering NC-REAEE’25,Msila Algeria

Power dividers, including rat-race divider, play a crucial role in wireless communication systems. The rat-race divider has been known in microwave engineering for many decades, which is used in numerous applications such as Mixers, power dividers/combiners, phase shifters, and baluns. To use this rat-race coupler as a power divider, an input signal is applied at one port, the outputs at two other ports are equal in magnitude, but 180 degrees out of phase. This work presents a parametric study of a conventional rat-race coupler, which is intended for 5G lower band applications, using the CST simulator. The parametric study aims to demonstrate the impact of certain parameters such as physical dimensions and electrical properties on the characteristics of our designed rat-race in terms of bandwidth, power ratio, and isolation. The proposed structure of standard rat-race power divider with its four ports operates at the frequency of 3.5 GHz.

Citation

Amal SILA , Messaoud GARAH , ELhadi KENANE , ,(2024-10-31), Design and Parametric Analysis of a Rat-Race Power Divider for 5G Applications,2024 IEEE International Multi-Conference on Smart System & Green Process,Djerba, Tunisia

A power divider is a critical passive device, which is commonly used in microwave systems. This microwave component splits the input power, evenly or unevenly, into several smaller output powers. In this paper, we present a design of a coupled-line Wilkinson power divider (WPD) for UMTS mobiles applications. This divider consist two (λ/4) transmission lines and an isolation resistor R, which is connected between output ports. The main disadvantage of this structure is large size and narrow band, especially at lower frequencies. The proposed design composed a signal coupled line to replace the two (λ/4) transmission lines in conventional WPD and one isolation resistor R. The use of a coupled line, in our WPD, offers many advantages compared to the standard WPD including compact size, wide bandwidth, low profile and high isolation. The design was printed on a Rogers RO4003C with an ɛᵣ=3.55 and a thickness of 0.813 mm. Simulations results indicate that the proposed WPD presents low return losses in all ports and high isolation between output ports over the third-generation mobile band.

Citation

Amal SILA , Messaoud GARAH , ELhadi KENANE , Rania GUERNINE , Rima SEGHIOUR , ,(2024-10-01), Design of Coupled-Line Wilkinson Power Divider for UMTS mobile applications,2024 International Conference on Advances in Electrical and Communication Technologies (ICAECOT),Setif, Algeria

Power divider/combiners are among the most commonly used passive devices in the microwave and millimeter wave systems for modern communication. This paper presents simulation of a wideband GYSEL power divider for wireless applications. The GYSEL PD is a three-port device with matched ports and isolated outputs, suitable for high power applications through the use of two shunt-terminated resistors. The proposed power divider consists of transmission line sections with different characteristic impedances and two grounded resistors. The electrical lengths of all the TLs sections are 90º at the design frequency. The divider network is designed using Computer Simulation Technology software by applying proposed GPD design. The GPD was designed on a Rogers’s RO4003C substrate with dielectric constant of 3.55. The thickness of the substrate is 0.508 mm and loss tangent of 0.0027. The proposed GYSEL power divider is printed on a substrate with a size of 35 x 30 mm2. The simulated results of the proposed divider show good return loss, insertion loss and isolation performance across the band from 3.4 to 3.6 GHz; with central frequency at 3.5 GHz. GYSEL power divider can split an incoming signal into two parts successfully. The measured input return loss (S11) are better than -15 dB, and output return loss (S22, S33 ) is better than -20 dB across the wide-band range. The isolation is greater than -30 dB with a very wide band, from 3.4 to 3.6 GHz. In addition, the power is divided equally between output ports with the same phase. This new structure is suitable for wideband, high isolation, and high power applications.

Citation

Amal SILA , Messaoud GARAH , ELhadi KENANE , Rania GUERNINE , Rima SEGHIOUR , ,(2024-05-30), A Wideband and High Isolation GYSEL Power Divider for Wireless communication,International Conference on Applied Sciences (ICAS - 2024),Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina

A power divider (PD) is a fundamental component in wireless communication systems. This microwave component divides the input power equally or unequally into several smaller outputs. There are many types of PDs in microwave domain such as Wilkinson power divider (WPD), GYSEL power divider (GPD) and others, however, WPDs are commonly used in microwave electronics. These dividers typically operate at a single frequency band and utilize two quarter-wavelength (λ/4) transmission lines and one isolation resistor. The standard WPD distributes power equally with minimal loss, presents reciprocity as it behaves similarly in both directions, and provides high isolation between the output ports. This paper presents the design of a WPD with coupled lines for wireless applications. The coupled lines offer many advantages to the standard WPD in terms of wide operating frequency range, compact size, and low profile. The proposed WPD operates at 2.1 GHz third generation mobile applications. The designed Wilkinson PD was printed on a Rogers' RO4003C substrate with a dielectric constant of 3.55. The substrate thickness is 0.813 mm, and a copper thickness of 35 μm. Based on the simulation results, it is shown that the proposed WPD presents low return losses in all the ports and high isolation over the third-generation mobile band.

Citation

Amal SILA , Messaoud GARAH , ELhadi KENANE , Rania GUERNINE , Rima SEGHIOUR , ,(2024-05-16), Design of Coupled-Line Wilkinson Power Divider for Wireless Communications,3rd International Conference on Engineering, Natural and Social Sciences ICENSOS 2024,Turkey

Power dividers are widely used in antenna arrays feeding, radar systems, communication systems, and medical imaging systems, which makes it indispensable microwave components. These power dividers have several design advantages such as low cost, lightweight and manufacturability. Among these power dividers, one can cite Gysel power dividers which are used for antenna array feeding with high power-handling capability. This work presents a parametric study of a standard design of a Gysel divider intended for mobile applications. To design this power divider, the ADS Momentum simulator has been used. During this parametric study, our goal is to show the effect of some design parameters such as physical dimensions and electrical properties on some GPD characteristics in terms of bandwidth, power ratio, and isolation. The proposed structure consists of standard Gysel power divider of three ports and operating at the frequency of 2.4 GHz.

Citation

Amal SILA , ELhadi KENANE , Messaoud GARAH , ,(2023-10-21), Design and Parametric Study of a GYSEL Power Divider for Mobile Applications,NILES 2023,Nile university Egypt

Among the most used power dividers in the field of telecommunications (antenna networks, mobile networks, radar system, satellite communications,military applications and even missile guidance) we can mention the Wilkinson power divider.In the present paper, a dual band Wilkinson power divider with four ways will be designed. In order to investigate the relationship between the physical dimensions of the Wilkinson power divide rwith its characteristics in terms of operational frequency and bandwidth, a parametric study of a Wilkinson power divider will be presented.To design the dual band four-way Wilkinson power divider (WPD), ADS Momentum simulator is used. The simulator uses a genetic algorithm (GA) algorithm to optimize the structure of the proposed WPD.The proposed power divider is developed to achieve dual bands requirements of WLAN applications. To obtain these frequency specifications in the proposed WPD, many transmission lines sections are added. The transmission lines are printed on FR4 (Flame Resistant 4) substrate of dielectric constant εr of3.4 with loss tangent of 0.0023. The proposed circuit exhibits good characteristics at WLAN frequencies (2.45GHz & 5.8 GHZ) in terms of return loss and isolation.

Citation

Messaoud GARAH , ELhadi KENANE , Fadila BENMEDDOUR , , (2022-02-01), Parametric Study and Optimization of a Dual-BandFour Port Wilkinson Power Divider, International Journal of Information Science & Technology, Vol:6, Issue:1, pages:2550-5114, https://innove.org/ijist/index.php/ijist/article/view/176

Nowadays, the world knows a huge revolution in telecommunications, which has led to the need to integrate many services, such as long-term evolution (LTE), 5G, wireless local area network (WLAN), and Bluetooth, in one receiving and transmitting device. In the same way, all active and passive microwave circuits must be compatible with the integration of services, including the power divider, which is the subject of our work. This passive component is used in several fields such as medicine, surveillance, radar systems and others applications. Wilkinson divider is one of the most prominent power dividers, it is classified as narrow-band power divider and it is a very useful component in mobile applications (2.4 and 5.8 GHz). In this work, a reconfigurable 4-ports Wilkinson divider is designed using PIN diodes and simulated using connected speech test (CST) simulator software. This designed divider can easily modify the operation mode by activating or disabling the PIN diodes.

Citation

ELhadi KENANE , Messaoud GARAH , Farid Djahli, , (2022), A novel design of a reconfigurable power divider with stubs for mobile applications, Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vol:26, Issue:2, pages:846-853, ijeecs

In the present paper, a dual band four-way Wilkinson power divider (WPD) using a genetic algorithm (GA) optimization is designed and simulated using ADS Momentum simulator. The proposed power divider is developed to support dual bands of WLAN applications. The present power divider is formed by many transmission lines sections. The transmission lines are printed on FR4 (Flame Resistant 4) substrate of dielectric constant εr of3.4 with loss tangent of 0.0023. The proposed circuit exhibits good characteristics at WLAN frequencies (2.45GHz & 5.8 GHZ) in terms of return loss and isolation.

Citation

Messaoud GARAH , ELhadi KENANE , Fadila BENMEDDOUR , ,(2020-12-12), A Dual Band Four Ports WILKINSON Power Divider Design,IEEE 6th International Congress on Information Science and Technology (CiSt), Morocco,Morocco

In this paper, the most widely used empirical path loss models are compared to real data; the most appropriate one (COST-231) has been optimized using three different algorithms to fit measured data for mobile communication system. The performance of the adjusted Cost-231 model obtained by the proposed methods is then compared to the experimental data. The concert criteria selected for the comparison of various empirical path loss models is the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). From numerical simulations, it was noticed a significant improvement in the prediction made by the proposed algorithm with a slight superiority of Invasive weed Optimization algorithm in term of lower RMSE value in one hand and in term of convergence speed on the other hand compared to PSO and ABC algorithm

Citation

Houcine OUDIRA , Messaoud GARAH , djouane lotfi, , (2019), Optimization of Suitable Propagation Model for Mobile Communication in Different Area, International Journal of Information Science & Technology, Vol:3, Issue:3, pages:10-19, http://www.innove.org/

Due to the motion of mobile station with respect to the base station, the handover is required frequently in the communication process. In this paper, assuming that the user location and speed can be determined, we propose a suitable scheme for managing a queuing of handover requestes in wireless cellular network. The principle of the proposed method is the use of a separate queue for each transceiver in the cell (3TRX per cell) instead of using a single one and we consider that handover request to cell is queued with dynamic priority discipline; highest priority (head of the queue), least priority (joins the end of the queue). Fixed channel allocation is considered and call blocking probability (CBP), handover failure probability (HFP) are obtained as a results. In order to choose the best model which reduces significantly the handover failure probability, a comparison between the proposed model and the classical one is considered. Simulation results highlight that the newly proposed architecture can guarantee superior performance with respect to its competitor.

Citation

Messaoud GARAH , Houcine OUDIRA , , (2019), Priority Management of the Handoff Requests in Mobile Cellular Networks, Procedia Computer Science, Vol:158, Issue:158, pages:295-302, elsevier

In this paper, the most widely used empirical path loss models are compared to real data; the most appropriate one (COST-231) has been optimized using three different algorithms to fit measured data for mobile communication system. The performance of the adjusted Cost-231 model obtained by the proposed methods is then compared to the experimental data. The concert criteria selected for the comparison of various empirical path loss models is the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). From numerical simulations, it was noticed a significant improvement in the prediction made by the proposed algorithm with a slight superiority of PSO algorithm in term of lower RMSE value in one hand and in term of convergence speed in the other hand compared to GA and N-M method.

Citation

Houcine OUDIRA , Messaoud GARAH , lotfi djouane, ,(2018), Empirical Path Loss Models Optimization for Mobile Communication,2018 IEEE 5th International Congress on Information Science and Technology (CiSt),Marrakech, Morocco