AHMED Saad

BARKAT IMANE , BEN MATOUG SOULAF

Agronomic evaluation of five quinoa varieties (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in the Bordj Bou Arreridj region.

Bouacherine Ali , El bahi Achouak Fatima Zohra

Introduction de Chloris gayana kunth comme nouvelle ressources fourragère en Algérie :étude d'adaptation agronomique en zone aridede Boussaâda

BEN MATOUG SOULAF

انتاج أكياس قابلة للتحلل من مخلفات نباتية

BARKAT IMANE

QUINOA + منصة تسويقية وتثقيفية لمنتجات الكينوا

Sebbane nour elhouda

Morphological Characterization and Identification of Olea europea L. Olive Ecotypes in the Bordj Bou Arreridj Region, Algeria

Sebbane nour elhouda

STRATUP : plateforme interactive pour les oléiculteurs pour le recyclage des sous-produits d’olive : Olyécyle BBA.

BENCHELALI Khaoula

Optimisation de la production de cultures Fourragères dans un environnement aride : Le cas de périmètre irrigué de Maadher Boussaâda

Lamine Menal , Salamani Chaima

Les facteurs influençant le rendement chez l'olivier Olea europaea L. en zone semi- aride (Cas de la wilaya de M'sila).

CHAABANI CHAIMA

Influence des condition climatiques sur l'évolution de la culture (Olea europaea L.) en zone semi-aride, cas de la Wilaya de M'sila.

ARIOUA Maram , CHERHABILE khaoula

Inventaire des Papillons de jour (Rhopalocères) dans quelques agrosystèmes dans la région d’el Hodna (M’sila )

Chaaraoui Maroua , Kamel Hibet Errahmen

Etude écologique des Rhopalocères dans quelques agrosystèmes dans la région d’El Hodna (M’sila ).

Urban university campuses provide critical green spaces that enhance urban ecology, support biodiversity, and offer significant social and recreational benefits. However, the floristic composition of many such spaces remains under-documented, limiting their potential for strategic ecological management. This study presents the first systematic floristic inventory of the Faculty of Law and Political Sciences campus at the University of M'sila, Algeria, a site situated within a semi-arid Mediterranean climate. Field surveys conducted between January and February 2024 identified 20 vascular plant species from 20 genera and 16 families. The results indicate a predominance of the Asteraceae family and a flora dominated by woody species (phanerophytes), reflecting both the natural Mediterranean ecosystem and anthropogenic influence through ornamental plantings. The plant assemblage displays diverse biogeographic origins, with Euro-Siberian as a prominent component, and shows clear adaptations to dry environments, including a dominance of mesophyllous leaves and drought-tolerant characteristics. This study provides a fundamental biodiversity assessment, supplying important data for future conservation initiatives, sustainable landscape management, and the improvements of ecological services within this urban green space.

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AHMED Saad , , (2025-12-30), FLORISTIC AND ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF URBAN CAMPUS GREEN SPACES: A CASE STUDY OF M'SILA UNIVERSITY, ALGERIA, BULLETIN OF THE SERBIAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY, Vol:105, Issue:5, pages:575-588, Geografsko Drustvo

The Algerian steppe faces increasing pressure on forage production due to water scarcity and reliance on traditional agricultural practices. This study compares forage production systems in two irrigated zones Maadher-Bousaada and Khettala-Messaad through farm surveys and SWOT analysis. Results from 30 farms reveal contrasting models: Bousaada benefits from strong infrastructure and government support but remains dependent on conventional methods, while Messaad adopts a flexible, self-financed approach integrated with sheep farming. Key challenges in both regions include limited water resources, insecure land tenure, and low adoption of certified seeds and crop rotation. Despite these constraints, the study identifies several practical opportunities, including targeted government support, improved water management, and adoption of sustainable practices. The findings highlight the need for region-specific strategies to enhance forage productivity and resilience in arid environments.

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AHMED Saad , , (2025-12-09), Comparative Agronomic Practices and Swot Analysis of Forage Production Systems in The Algerian Steppe, ASM Science Journal, Vol:20, Issue:2, pages:11, the Akademi Sains Malaysia

Pastoral rangelands in Algeria face mounting pressures from climate variability, land degradation, and overgrazing, threatening both ecosystem sustainability and regional food security. This research investigates how shepherds' accumulated expertise and adaptive strategies can inform climate-resilient agricultural practices in M'sila's steppe ecosystems. Through semi-structured interviews with 50 shepherds across 10 communes, the study documents traditional ecological knowledge, forage resource management, and adaptive responses to environmental challenges. Results indicate significant vegetation decline, with 95% of respondents reporting scarcity of key forage species including Stipa tenacissima L. and Artemisia herba-alba Asso, primarily driven by drought (48%) and overgrazing (37%). Shepherds identified 33 forage plant species critical to livestock nutrition, yet 50% rely on random grazing patterns with minimal rotational management. The study reveals substantial gaps in technical training (70% untrained) and limited adoption of sustainable innovations. These findings underscore the potential for integrating shepherds' empirical knowledge with modern agri-food technologies to develop climate-adapted pastoral systems. Recommendations include establishing participatory rangeland management programs, implementing rotational grazing schemes, developing drought-tolerant fodder cultivation, and strengthening technical capacity-building for pastoral communities. This research contributes actionable insights for sustainable livestock production and food security enhancement in vulnerable semi-arid regions experiencing climate change impacts.

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AHMED Saad , ,(2025-12-01), Integrating Pastoralists' Expertise for Climate-Resilient Agriculture in Algerian Rangelands,THE SECOND PAN AFRICAN UNIVERSITY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE,University of Tlemcen

La flore médicinale des Monts de Tiaret ; Inventaire, diversité et valorisation

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AHMED Saad , Bureau de la stratégie de numérisation , BERRABAH Hicham, MAAMAR Benchohra, TIR Elhadj,, AOUADJ Sid Ahmed,, RABAH Houcine Fadllalah, ,(2025-11-26), La flore médicinale des Monts de Tiaret ; Inventaire, diversité et valorisation,Premier Séminaire National en Phytobiologie et Valorisation des Bioressources (SNPVB-2025),University of Annaba

Les plantes médicinales spontanées des milieux forestiers de la région de Tiaret recommandées pour le traitement du diabète

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AHMED Saad , ,(2025-11-18), Les plantes médicinales spontanées des milieux forestiers de la région de Tiaret recommandées pour le traitement du diabète,The 1st Scientific Day on “Diabetes : Prioritizing Well-Being For Sustainable Health” on November 18th, 2025,University of Relizane - Ahmed Zabana

The use of the Atlas pistachio tree in traditional medicine in Algeria

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AHMED Saad , ,(2025-11-06), The use of the Atlas pistachio tree in traditional medicine in Algeria,4th International Conference on Modern and Advanced Research ICMAR 2025,Konya/Turkey.

This work essentially aims to inventory the aromatic and medicinal plants of the Nadhora national forest (Tiaret-West Algeria). The floristic inventory revealed a richness of 77 species which belong to 69 genera and 34 botanical families, the dominance of which falls to the Asteraceae family with (14 species; 18.2%) followed by the families of Fabaceae and Lamiaceae with (05 species, 6.5% each), then the families of Asparagaceae, Brassicaceae, Cupresaceae, Papaveraceae and Plantaginaceae with (04 species; 5.2% each), while the rest of the families are represented with a low percentage with less than 04%. The biological spectrum of medicinal plants shows us the importance of Therophytes with (18.1%) with a dominance of annual herbaceous plants with (49.3%). The list of these plants also contains a multitude of widely used medicinal plants such as: Pistacia lentiscus, Thapsia garganica, Asphodelus microcarpus, Artemisia herba-alba, Borago officinalis, Paronychia argentea, Juniperus oxycedrus, Tetraclinis articulata, Retama raetam, Rosmarinus officinalis, Marrubium vulgare, Thymus ciliatus, Olea europaea, Ziziphus lotus, Thymelaea hirsuta, Urtica dioica, etc.

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AHMED Saad , ,(2025-10-06), Aromatic and medicinal plants inventoried from the Nadhora forest (Tiaret-West Algeria),3rd International Conference on Pioneer and Innovative Studies ICPIS 2025,Konya, Turkey

This study investigates the phenotypic diversity and ecotypic structure of local Olea europaea L. varieties in the Bordj Bou Arreridj region of Algeria, an important area for olive production. The research documents the phenotypic variation among native olive varieties and classifies them into distinct ecotypes based on morphological traits. A detailed characterization of 15 local olive varieties, selected from 20 farms, was conducted using standardized descriptors for fruit, leaf, and endocarp traits. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant inter-varietal differences (p < 0.05), indicating substantial phenotypic heterogeneity. Coefficients of variation were notably high for fruit weight (CV = 48.60%) and fruit length to width ratio (CV = 24.72), underscoring their potential for selection in breeding programs. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified three distinct ecotypes: (1) large-fruited/large-endocarp, suitable for table olive production; (2) elongated-fruit/elongated-endocarp, possibly selected for specific oil profiles; and (3) smallfruited/small-endocarp, likely adapted to environmental stresses. Bray-Curtis similarity analysis suggested genetic relatedness among variants, emphasizing the adaptive differentiation of local varieties.

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AHMED Saad , ,(2025-04-16), PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION AND ECOTYPIC STRUCTURING OF LOCAL OLEA EUROPAEA L. VARIETIES IN THE BORDJ BOU ARRERIDJ REGION - ALGERIA,1st International Seminar on Mediterranean Olive Sector (ISMOS2025),National Institute of Agronomic Research of Algeria | Algiers

biophysical and socio-economic factors influencing yield performance. Identifying these determinants is crucial for policymakers to develop targeted strategies for optimizing land productivity and ensuring the sustainability of olive production in drought-prone environments. This study investigates olive production systems in Djelfa and M’sila, two steppe provinces where recent agricultural initiatives have facilitated the successful establishment of olive groves. Results indicate that altitude, slope, agronomic practices, and institutional support play significant roles in yield optimization. Specifically, olive groves situated above 600 meters in elevation and on gentle slopes (0 to 0.03) exhibit superior productivity due to enhanced soil drainage and reduced erosion risk. Additionally, higher yields are observed in farms managed by younger, well-educated growers employing advanced agronomic techniques, including technical itineraries and precision management strategies. Beyond farm-level factors, policy interventions—particularly subsidy mechanisms and land tenure regularization—significantly impact production efficiency by enabling investment in irrigation, fertilization, and mechanization. These findings underscore the need for integrated agricultural policies that align topographic suitability with farmer capacity-building initiatives to enhance olive yield potential in Algeria’s steppe regions.

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AHMED Saad , saied said, ,(2025-04-15), BOOSTING OLIVE YIELDS IN ALGERIA: EXPLORING KEY AGROECOLOGICAL FACTORS AND SUSTAINABLE FARMING PRACTICES,1st International Seminar on Mediterranean Olive Sector (ISMOS2025),National Institute of Agronomic Research of Algeria | Algiers

The aim of this research is to establish the phenotypic variation that exists in the olive varieties of Olea europaea L. in the Bordj Bou Arreridj region of Algeria. The study examined 18 olive varieties from 20 farms, focusing on the morphological characterisation of fruits, leaves, and endocarps using standard descriptors and precise measurement tools. Significant coefficients of variation were observed for the traits studied, indicating substantial differences among the varieties. The highest variability was found in fruit weight, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 48.60%, while leaf length demonstrated the lowest CV at 9.77%. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) primarily distinguished three different ecotypic groups based on fruit and endocarp size and shape parameters. The Bray-Curtis similarity analysis revealed compositional similarities among some of the local variants, providing insights into their potential genetic relationships. Notably, the study reports the presence of the rare Leucocarpa variety, which had not been previously documented in Algeria. This discovery highlights the importance of thorough regional surveys in uncovering hidden biodiversity. The findings reveal a rich agro-morphological genetic variation in olive ecotypes in the region, which is valuable for genetic conservation efforts and breeding research. This diversity could potentially be exploited to develop cultivars with improved traits such as disease resistance, oil quality, or adaptation to specific environmental conditions. Our classification enables targeted breeding, prioritized conservation, and optimized cultivation practices, supporting the development of resilient, locally-adapted varieties and the preservation of valuable genetic resources in the region's olive industry.

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AHMED Saad , Djamila MADANI , Seghiri Abdel Madjid, Sebbane Nour ElHouda, , (2024-12-25), Morphological characterization and ecotypic classification of olive varieties in Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria, JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND APPLIED BIOLOGY, Vol:6, Issue:1, pages:66-80, Future Science

In the eastern Algerian steppe region of Tébessa, livestock farming represents a critical agricultural system facing significant environmental and socio-economic challenges. This study investigates contemporary livestock farming practices through a comprehensive questionnaire-based survey, focusing on production strategies, land management, and crop cultivation. Forage crop cultivation emerged as a key adaptive strategy, with barley, alfalfa, and maize forming the primary agricultural portfolio. Land management demonstrated nuanced characteristics, with 40% of land under private ownership and an average total land area of 12 hectares. The irrigation infrastructure plays a crucial role, with 5 hectares consistently dedicated to irrigated cultivation. The agricultural landscape reveals strategic approaches to resource utilization. Crop selection reflects local environmental constraints and market demands. Barley and alfalfa serve as primary fodder crops, while maize provides additional nutritional diversity for livestock. The consistent irrigation of 5 hectares underscores the importance of water management in this arid steppe environment. The demographic profile of breeders provides contextual insight into these farming practices. The breeder population was exclusively male, with a mean age of 49 years. Educational attainment showed notable depth, with 33% achieving secondary education and 20% obtaining university degrees. Professional experience remained relatively consistent, with approximately 14% of breeders reporting comparable sector tenure.These findings illuminate the adaptive strategies of livestock farmers in Tébessa's challenging steppe region.

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AHMED Saad , Soumia Benchelali, Abdelghafour Abaidia, ,(2024-12-10), Livestock farming practices in Tébessa: socio-economic profile and agricultural strategies in Algeria's steppe region,1er colloque National sur Performance Zootechnique et Reproductive des animaux de rente steppique,Centre de recherche en agropastoralisme-Djelfa

This study examines the ecological awareness of shepherds in M'Sila, Algeria's steppes, an area facing significant environmental challenges. Through semi-structured interviews, the research analyzes 50 randomly selected shepherds' understanding of grazing patterns, environmental changes, and sustainable practices across 10 communes. Findings reveal a complex interplay between traditional knowledge and modern concerns. Shepherds demonstrated awareness of declining plant species, particularly (Stipa tenacissima L.) and (Artemisia herba-alba Asso), and predominantly practiced random grazing. Drought was identified as principal cause of forage plant scarcity. The study highlights the need for multi-faceted approaches to plant protection and livestock raising, emphasizing the urgency of implementing large-scale sustainable management measures, enhancing training programs, and promoting resilient pastoral practices. Keywords: Herders. Grazing. Fodder. Rangelands. Sustainability.

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AHMED Saad , , (2024-12-05), Ecological consciousness and pastoral practices in the steppes of M’sila, Algeria – shepherds’ perceptions., Agrarian Academic Journal, Vol:7, Issue:5, pages:1-18, Agrarian Academic Journal Brazil

This study explores the phenotypic diversity of 18 olive (Olea europaea L.) varieties in Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria. Utilizing principal component analysis (PCA) and Bray-Curtis similarity analysis, we identified three distinct ecotypic groups explaining 64.92% of total variability. Group 1 includes varieties like Ronde de Miliana and Adjeraze, characterized by large fruits and kernels. Group 2, featuring Sigoise and Sevillana, has elongated fruits and kernels. Group 3, including Chemlal and Arbequina, comprises varieties with small fruits, kernels, and leaves. This phenotypic grouping suggests significant adaptation to various agroenvironmental conditions. Through similarity analysis, we discovered close genetic relationships between certain varieties (e.g., Adjeraze and Aberkane) and marked distinctions among others (e.g., Chemlal and Sevillana). The study also identified previously unknown varieties, enhancing the catalog of 15 local and three introduced varieties. These findings provide valuable insights for varietal selection and breeding programs tailored to diverse growing conditions.

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AHMED Saad , Djamila MADANI , Sebbane Nourelhouda,, Seghiri Abdel Madjid, ,(2024-12-03), Characterization and Diversity Analysis of Olive (Olea europaea L.) Varieties in Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria: Insights into Ecotypic Grouping and Agro-environmental Adaptation,1st National Seminar on the Valorization of Natural Resources in Agro-Semi-Arid Environments: Potential, Improvement Strategies, and Safeguarding.,Centre de recherche en agropastoralisme-Djelfa

This study investigates forage crop production strategies in the El Maadher Bousaâda irrigated perimeter during the 2023/2024 agricultural season, examining resource management practices across 15 farms. The research aimed to assess agricultural diversification, crop production techniques, and systemic challenges in an arid agricultural context. Methodology incorporated field surveys, agronomic assessments, and SWOT analysis to evaluate current farming practices and potential development pathways. Results revealed a dynamic forage production system characterized by crop diversification (double and triple cropping), prioritization of oats and alfalfa, and sorghum utilization for biomass production. Critical challenges included limited water resources, land insecurity, insufficient technical knowledge, and labor shortages. The findings suggest that integrating sustainable water management, improved financing mechanisms, and targeted farmer training could significantly enhance agricultural resilience and productivity in agrosteppic environments. This research contributes to understanding adaptive agricultural strategies in resource-constrained regions.

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AHMED Saad , ,(2024-12-03), Forage Production Strategies and Resource Optimization in Arid Agricultural Systems: A Case Study of El Maadher Bousaâda Irrigated Perimeter,1st National Seminar on the Valorization of Natural Resources in Agro-Semi-Arid Environments: Potential, Improvement Strategies, and Safeguarding.,Centre de recherche en agropastoralisme-Djelfa

Understanding quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) adaptability in Algeria is essential for agricultural diversification. This study presents preliminary results on the developmental plasticity of five quinoa varieties during their first-ever introduction in the semi-arid highlands of El Hamadiah, Bordj Bou Arreirdj Province.

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AHMED Saad , Khaled Halima, Benmaatoug Soulaf, Barakat Imane, ,(2024-11-26), Phenological plasticity and adaptation of quinoa in the semi-arid highlands of Algeria: preliminary results of the first introduction in Bordj Bou Arreirdj,Workshop International sur le quinoa en Algérie,Université kasdi merbah ouargla

This study aims to highlight the importance of livestock dynamics and the evolution of the vegetation index in recent years, as well as to present the relationship between these two dynamics in the Algerian steppe in light of a new vision in the use of geographic information systems in the treatment of environmental and agricultural development in animal production. The Algerian steppe, with its unique characteristics of the bio-climatological factors, natural resources as a specific vegetal cover and animal species wealth, economic activities, cultural backgrounds, and practices, has deteriorated in recent years from total and/or partial denaturation of vegetation and pastoral spaces. This denaturation was caused in the first place by biological factors associated with economic breeding activities and affected the sustainable development of the steppe area. To propose an efficient strategy to provide the natural ecosystem of the steppe area, vegetation cover balance, and the maintenance of food security by livestock and the sustainable development of the communities, many study scenes were created by using spatiotemporal monitoring of the evolution of natural resources using LANDSAT satellite images and the Q GIS dataset. Using remote sensing and geographic information system (SIG) data, his changes during 2017-2021 may be detected using knowledge of vegetation and livestock distribution dynamics. The areas with the highest concentration of livestock herd possess a low vegetation index, indicating a significant correlation between the intensity of the vegetal cover denaturation and the growing dynamics of livestock herd. Keywords: dynamic; livestock; spatio-temporal; steppe; vegetation index.

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AHMED Saad , IMELHAYENE Meriem, SAIDJ Dahia, HADBAOUI Ilyes, SENOUSSI Abdelhakim, ADAMOU Abdelkader, , (2024-09-25), Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Livestock Dynamics and Vegetation Cover Transformation in the Algerian Steppe, Diachronic Analysis, African Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol:6, Issue:15, pages:11840-11860, African Science Publications

The Olécycl BBA project introduces an innovative web-based platform addressing critical challenges in olive farming. Research from 2022 to 2024 revealed that most olive farmers are middle-aged with middle school education, and 60% lack essential knowledge about modern agricultural practices. This platform aims to bridge the gap between traditional and sustainable farming techniques. Serving as a comprehensive resource, Olécycl BBA offers climatological information, expert advice, and an olive variety database. It addresses key challenges including limited understanding of olive varieties, inadequate technical knowledge, inefficient waste management, and suboptimal marketing strategies. The platform features modules for real-time climate data, expert advisory systems, a variety catalog, waste management resources, and marketing tools. It aims to enhance farmer knowledge, improve productivity and quality, promote sustainable practices, and expand market reach. Implementation strategies include user-friendly design, mobile responsiveness, regular expert updates, and data analytics for personalized recommendations. The platform operates on a unique exchange model where farmers compensate with olive by-products or oil instead of money. Olécycl BBA facilitates knowledge exchange between farmers and experts, creating a mutually beneficial ecosystem. By providing guidance in exchange for olive products, it recognizes the global significance of olive cultivation, striving to maximize benefits while minimizing environmental impact. This approach creates a sustainable cycle of knowledge and resource exchange within the olive farming community.

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AHMED Saad , ,(2024-06-27), Project Overview: Olécycl BBA - Innovative Web Platform for Olive Farmers,Biosphere sustainability of the countries of the world.,Université RUDN nommée d'après Patrice Lumumba, Russie.

Olive farming yields sizable quantities of by-products (olive pomace, olive mill wastewater) with potential economic and ecological value. A survey of 15 olive growers of Bordj Bou Areiridj region found 60% currently dispose of these residuals by incineration or landfilling, lacking proper recycling pathways. However, 92% expressed willingness to sell their by-products given solutions to collect and valorize them. Additionally, when prompted about innovative technologies to convert olive pomace into energy or animal feed, 86% conveyed interest and 41% would consent to accommodating practices to enable repurposing. The results indicate tangible potential to institute olive biorefineries in Algeria, contingent upon overcoming select technoeconomic and social impediments

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AHMED Saad , Sebbane Nourelhouda, Seghiri Abdel Madjid, ,(2024-04-20), valorization of olive oil by-products: perceptions and expectations of bba farmers,1er Séminaire National sur la Valorisation de la Biomasse Végétale Naturelle et Résiduelle,Université Mohamed Khider-Biskra

The ruderal habitats contain a native flora adapted to aridity, which forms plant assemblages aligned to semi-desert conditions, shaping an aridity-gradient habitat niche space influencing the insect diversity. This study evaluates the daytime butterfly diversity in ruderal environments across the semiarid region of M’sila province, Algeria. Surveys across 10 sites found only 9 species out of 121 nationally recorded, spanning 4 families. Key species include Vanessa cardui, Pararge aegeria, and Polyommatus icarus. This limited diversity questions the ability of these habitats to serve as climate refuges. Still, conserving remnants aids resilience understanding. Results reveal extinction pressures facing butterflies in human-impacted arid areas. Further habitat restoration research is vital to transform ruderal zones into biodiversity havens adapted to shifting regional climates. Informed management offers hope for vulnerable insects across the region.

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AHMED Saad , ,(2024-02-05), Are Ruderal Environments a Shelter for Butterflies in Semi-Arid Regions Facing Climate Change?,Premier congrès international : Impact du changement climatique sur l'environnement des insectes, les insectes forensiques comme modèle,Université Mohamed Khider ,Biskra

The results provide a valuable baseline against which to measure future anthropogenic and climate impacts. Given numerous pressures on local agroecosystems, long-term monitoring of key pollinator groups is needed to safeguard pollination services underpinning both food security and rural livelihoods. An integrated research approach will help build environmental security through pollinator-friendly landscape management practices.

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AHMED Saad , ,(2024-02-05), Assessing pollinator diversity for environmental security: A baseline survey of butterflies in the M’sila region, Algeria.,Premier congrès international : Impact du changement climatique sur l'environnement des insectes, les insectes forensiques comme modèle,Université Mohamed Khider ,Biskra

Faculté des sciences Département des sciences agronomiques Cycle : Licence Niveau : 3 Année LMD Polycopié pédagogique Matière : Ecologie Appliquée Polycopié de cours d’écologie appliquée, destiné aux étudiants inscrits en Troisième année Licence Spécialité : Sol et Eau

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AHMEDSaad , ,(2024-01-16); L'écologie appliquée,université de M'sila,

Academic Writing in Scientific Research

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AHMED Saad , ,(2023-12-19), Academic Writing in Scientific Research,Innovations Journal of Humanities and Social Studies (IJHSS),via zoom

The environment we propose to study occupies an important part of the Algerian steppe. It is characterized by a semi-arid bioclimate. A "transect" is traveled monthly, with the monitoring time frame defined between 09:00 AM and 4:00 PM. For 10 minutes over a distance of 250 m Counting in an "imaginary box" the number of butterflies caught by visual hunting and using a butterfly net. Species identification is done in the laboratory using identification keys.

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AHMED Saad , ,(2023-12-10), Butterflies as Biodiversity Indicators: Improving Understanding of Rhopalocera Diversity in the Arid M’Sila Region, Algeria,Travelling conference Ta’awon4Quinoa- Algiers,Institut National de la Vulgarisation Agricole- Alger

A recent study in the arid steppe regions of Algeria (M’sila & Djelfa) identifies several key factors for developing an olive farming system that is both productive and environmentally sustainable in these fragile areas. At the core of concerns over environment and sustainable development, these strategic findings should guide a reasoned expansion of this crop. The optimal olive tree age, choice of low altitude plots with gentle slopes, as well as sustainable soil management are singled out as essential to ensure decent yields while preserving resources. Likewise, thoughtful integration with input-efficient truck farming contributes to this goal. Integrated planning based on these key factors could thus combine productivity and resilience of olive farming in the face of heightened environmental challenges in steppe regions. It would promote its sustainable socio-economic development, endorsing concrete and innovative solutions to address the issues of fragile environments degradation.

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AHMED Saad , lamine manel, salamni chaima, Saied said, ,(2023-12-09), STUDY ON DEVELOPING RESILIENT AND SOCIALLY BENEFICIAL OLIVE FARMING IN ALGERIA'S FRAGILE STEPPE ECOSYSTEMS,2ème Séminaire National Environnement & Gestion Durable,Université de Relizane

La production et la gestion des cultures fourragères représentent un enjeu économique et environnemental majeur pour de nombreux pays à travers le monde, notamment en Afrique du Nord où l'élevage joue un rôle essentiel dans l'économie locale et nationale. En Algérie, la production fourragère est relativement faible, ne représentant que 2,18 % de la superficie totale du pays, tandis que les fourrages naturels et artificiels occupent 11,21% de la Surface Agricole Utile (SAU).Le déficit fourrager en Algérie reste préoccupant, obligeant le pays à importer massivement des protéines chaque année. Malgré les efforts visant à améliorer la production fourragère, l'Algérie doit relever des défis majeurs pour parvenir à produire suffisamment de fourrage de manière durable, en prenant en compte les différentes contraintes rencontrées. Ainsi, ce secteur est en constante évolution et nécessite une attention particulière pour être amélioré. Cet ouvrage a pour objectif de fournir aux étudiants des connaissances théoriques et sur les cultures fourragères, leur exploitation et leur conservation. Il s'adresse notamment aux étudiants de troisième année licence en agronomie, spécialité production végétale

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AHMEDSaad , ,(2023-12-01); les cultures fourragers,,Collection scientifique De la Faculté des Sciences Université Mohamed Boudiaf M’Sila

In Algeria, there is an increasing extension of olive grove cultivation, it is essential to identify the key factors that contribute that drive olive grove yields in drought-prone regions, such as steppe. This necessity is becoming imperative for policymakers within the agricultural sector, as it will enable them to make informed decisions regarding more effective strategies for expanding olive tree plantations across the country. This paper focuses on analysing the olive tree production systems in two provinces in the Algerian steppes: Djelfa and M'sila. These provinces represent new areas for olive cultivation and demonstrate successful agricultural programs in Algeria. The paper proceeds to address the question: what are the primary factors influencing olive grove yields? This inquiry is pursued by investigating a total of 20 olive growers, ten from each province. The findings from our research indicate that olive groves situated at higher altitudes (above 600 meters above sea level), on gently sloping terrain (ranging from 0 to 0.03), and managed through the application of technical itineraries and effective management practices by well-educated and younger farmers, tend to yield better results in terms of olive production. Furthermore, the impact of governmental subsidies and policies related to land tenure regularization also exerts a significant effect on enhancing production and yielding improved outcomes.

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AHMED Saad , , (2023-11-30), KEY FACTORS INFLUENCING OLIVE YIELDS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN ARID REGIONS OF DJELFA AND M'SILA, ALGERIA, Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Vol:13, Issue:2, pages:311-330, University of Oradea Publishing House

Les espaces verts urbains abritent une biodiversité végétale souvent négligée. Cette étude vise à inventorier les plantes ornementales et spontanées d'une place publique de Boussaâda (Algérie) afin d'évaluer la diversité floristique de cet espace. Au total, 20 espèces ont été recensées, appartenant à 13 familles botaniques.

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AHMED Saad , Saied said, ,(2023-11-29), Richesse floristique cachée : inventaire des espèces végétales d'un espace vert ordinaire à Boussaâda (Algérie).,Séminaire National sur les Plantes Spontanées,Université de Ghardaïa

introduction to EMERALD RESSOURCES FROM EMERALD PUBLISHER MENA

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AHMED Saad , ,(2023-11-28), Emerald Resources NL,Introduction to Emerald Resources IRAQ,Cihan University - Duhok

Assessing Factors Influencing Olive Yield Variability in Ten Orchards of Djelfa

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AHMED Saad , SAIED SAID, ,(2023-11-26), Assessing Factors Influencing Olive Yield Variability in Ten Orchards of Djelfa,The 1ere National Conference on Saharan agriculture: challenges and possibilities,Higher School of Saharan Agriculture - El Oued -.

Quantifying spatiotemporal variation in butterfly assemblages across agricultural biotopes in M’sila, Algeria.

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AHMED Saad , ,(2023-11-26), Quantifying spatiotemporal variation in butterfly assemblages across agricultural biotopes in M’sila, Algeria.,The 1ere National Conference on Saharan agriculture: challenges and possibilities,Higher School of Saharan Agriculture - El Oued -.

In view of preparation of COP 28: Methods & Frameworks to Analyses Poverty and Environment Issues”

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AHMED Saad , ,(2023-11-18), In view of preparation of COP 28: Methods & Frameworks to Analyses Poverty and Environment Issues”,In view of preparation of COP 28: Methods & Frameworks to Analyses Poverty and Environment Issues”,Cihan University - Duhok

Climate changes and their economic impact on strategic crops ,

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AHMED Saad , ,(2023-11-11), Climate changes and their economic impact on strategic crops,Agricultural Workshops (AWS) program,Fidato Agro Plus Agricultural Training and Consulting- on line conference

Abstract. In the Mediterranean Basin, the olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is a long-standing traditional crop. It is distinguished by its prevailing climatic conditions. This crop has become the foundation for economic development in many agrarian regions in our country. Due to projected significant warming and drying trends, the Mediterranean Basin is considered a "hotspot" for climate change. The purpose of the current study is to highlight the key effects of climatic variability on olive tree cultivation in M'sila region. This climatic variability is manifested primarily by the rise in temperature and the reduced height of precipitation. The impact of climate variability on olive tree yield was evaluated by using various climate data (such as temperature and rainfall) across the study period (2012–2021). The results obtained from the use of the matrix of correlations show a negative influence of the temperatures on the productive and farming parameters of the olive groves. These last are positively correlated with precipitation, but with average (productive parameters) and even weak (farming parameters) bonds. Keywords: M’sila, olive, climate, temperature, data.

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AHMED Saad , CHAABANI Cheymaa, BOUNACEUR Farid, ,(2022), The effects of climate change on the olive tree yield in M'sila Region,Séminaire National sur la Biodiversité de la Faune Et la Flore en Algérie,UFM CONSTANTINE

La gestion durable des sols est souvent considérée comme un moyen d’assurer une gestion responsable de ce patrimoine à l’échelle mondiale. Elle présente les actions et les solutions innovantes mises en œuvre depuis plusieurs années pour lutter contre la dégradation des sols, ainsi que les formules de financement retenues à cet effet. Notre étude a été menée dans la zone de Sidi Abdelrahmane, située dans la partie sud-ouest de la wilaya de Tiaret, une zone steppique qui appartient à l’étage bioclimatique aride. Dans le souci de la préservation des terres et la gestion durable de cette zone, une cartographie et un inventaire des ressources disponibles font l’objet de cette étude qui a permis d’identifier et de décrire les agro écosystèmes existants dans la commune de Sidi Abdelrahmane. L’utilisation du système d’information géographique (SIG), combiné avec les analyses multi variées (ACP et AFC) des résultats d’échantillonnages pédologiques et par enquêtes , nous a permis d’élaborer des cartes thématiques de la répartition des différents systèmes de cultures dans la zone d’étude qui sont fortement dépendants de l’étage climatique et la disponibilité en eau d’irrigation et la qualité du sol . Ces cartes pourront mettre à la disposition des utilisateurs potentiels, des responsables, élus locaux et des décideurs une base de données pour une meilleure gestion rationnelle des ressources naturelles de cet espace aride. Mots clés : cartes, sols , aride , AFC , tiaret.

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AHMED Saad , GARTI Abderrazak, MAHI Mahi, BENKHATOU Abdelkader, ,(2022), L’étude des sols et des systèmes de cultures en zone aride à l’aide du SIG.,the first International Conference on Sustainable Soil Management: A challenge of food security,CRSTRA BISKRA

M'sila is one of the Algerian semi-arid regions. Its climate is continental with an arid tendency, characterized by low rainfall accompanied by a strong irregularity of precipitation associated with significant evaporation favoring the accumulation of salts on the floor. In a changing environment, vulnerability to climate change manifests itself in several ways: deterioration of food security, increased incidence of floods and droughts, including reduced agricultural production. The aim of our study is to evaluate the impact of climatic conditions on the production of cereals in M'sila over a period of 10 years (2012–2022). The study was conducted on the basis of data collected from the M'sila meteorological station and agricultural data collected from the agricultural services of the region. This data was processed statistically using Past software. The comparison of the combined effects of the two abiotic factors, in particular temperature and rainfall, on production factors reveals relatively interesting negative correlations between (temperature and yield), (sown areas, yield) and ( sown areas, rainfall). The main conclusion that we reach through our analysis reveals that the poor performance of cereal crops in our region is due to several reasons, the scarcity of water and the high temperatures at the end of the cycle being the main limiting factors. Water deficits are often associated with high temperatures, high sun exposure, and hot, dry winds, which can exaggerate the impact on plants.

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AHMED Saad , Aliat toufik, ,(2022), THE IMPACT OF CLIMATIC VARIATIONS ON CEREAL PRODUCTION IN THE SEMI-ARID CONDITIONS OF M'SILA,L’AGRICULTURE ET LE DEVELOPPEMNT DURABLE EN ZONES SEMI-ARIDES,Université Mohamed Chérif Messadia - Souk AhrasInstitut des Sciences Agronomiques et Vétérinaires Département des Sciences Agronomiques

nvestigations of the Rhopalocera fauna in M’sila region were carried out in four different type of habitats (agricultural, steppe, forest, and ruderal areas). Surveys were allowed to collect a total of 1139 mature butterflies rounded up in nineteen species. These species were belonging to five families from which the most represented was those of Pieridae 714 (62.7%). While the Nymphalidae family was the most diversified family 28.6% of the observed species. The forest habitat was the richest biotope in butterflies species (S= 16). Agricultural and forest habitats showed the highest degree of similarity in species 0.72 between habitats. Butterfly species richness was correlated with habitat selection.

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AHMED Saad , Farid bounaceur, , (2019), BUTTERFLY SPECIES RICHNESS AND DIVERSITY IN DIFFERENT HABITATS OF M’SILA REGION, ALGERIA, Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Vol:11, Issue:3, pages:1292-1308, the faculty of sciences and technology of the University of El Oued (Algeria).

The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of both natural and human-modified sites to butterfly species richness in Boussaâda region, the study was carried out in the semi-arid conditions, where no data were collected and available on butterflies in this area. Two locations were selected which were visited every month from Mars 2015 to December 2016, a total of 07 species , belonging to 03 families were collected, the most abundant family was Pieridae 61 (70.9 %). By sites, it was noted that Vanessa cardui (33.96 %), was the most abundant species in the natural sites however, in the agricultural sites Pieris rapae ranked first with 54.55 %. The abundance in the agricultural site was found to be lower than that in the natural site due to heavy human land modification, use, and disturbance. The results of Shannon-Weaver index showed that diversity was much greater in the natural site with the value of (H = 1,505) and 6 species were identified in the modified habitat, with the value of (H = 1, 08) having 4 identified species. Keywords: Butterfly, Rhopalocerea ,Boussaada , Diversity, Natural ,Human modified , Species

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AHMED Saad , , (2018), Diversity of Lepidoptera (Rhopalocera) in natural and modified habitats of Bousaâda, Algeria, World Journal of Environmental Biosciences, Vol:7, Issue:1, pages:79-83, EURESIAN PUBLICATIONS

Le présent travail porte sur l’étude du régime alimentaire du Hibou ascalaphe Bubo ascalaphus (Savigny, 1809) dans la région d’Outoul dans le parc national de l’Ahaggar, à l'extrême Sud de la capitale Alger (23°00' N. et 5°00' E.). L’analyse des 23 pelotes de l'Ascalaphe du désert a permis de calculer un nombre de proies par pelotes varie entre 1 et 9 (moyenne = 4,34). Les espèces-proies rencontrées dans les pelotes de Bubo ascalaphus se répartirent entre cinq catégories, dont les Insecta sont les plus représentés avec un taux de (AR = 66,66 %), suivie par Rodontia (33,33 %). La proie la plus profitable en biomasse est la catégorie de Rodontia (B = 94,86 %). Parmi les proies de masse très importante, il y a (Meriones sp, Limnoscorus sp Gerbilus sp, Rodentia indét.) (27.14 %).

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AHMED Saad , farid bounaceur, Bisaaad F.Z, Marniche F, BOUTHELDJA H, N. ABAITER, K. KHELLIL, , (2016), ÉCOLOGIE TROPHIQUE DU HIBOU GRAND-DUC DU DÉSERT BUBO ASCALAPHUS (SAVIGNY, 1809) DANS LA RÉGION DE L’AHAGGAR, SUD ALGÉRIEN, Revue Ivoirienne des Sciences et Technologie, Vol:-27, Issue:-27, pages:175-189, l'Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS) d'Abidjan.